Copper vs. Fiber Optic Cable and Optical Communication Techniques - EEs Talk Tech #11

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What's better, copper or fiber? Will color beat bitrate?
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Mike Hoffman and Daniel Bogdanoff continue their discussion with Stefan Loeffler about optical communication. In the first episode, we looked at "what is optical communication?" and "how does optical communication work?" This week we dig deeper into some of the latest optical communication techniques and advances in the industry as well as the use of fiber optic cable in electronics and long-range telecommunication networks.

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This episode: https://EEsTalkTech.com/CopperVsFiber

Twitter: @DanielBogdanoff https://twitter.com/DanielBogdanoff

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Agenda:

Installing and optimizing optical fiber 1:14
We use communication tricks such as phase multiplexing 2:00
There’s a race between using higher bitrates and using more colors

Fiber amplifiers 2:48
You can have up to 80 colors on a single channel! 3:52

How is optics similar to RF? 4:07
Colors in optical fibers are the equivalent of carrier frequencies in RF

There are many multiplexing methods such as multicore, wavelength division, and polarization 4:50

What is dark fiber? 7:07

Optical C-band vs L-band 7:48

Optical fibers are a light show for mosquitos! 8:30

How do we fix optical fibers? 10:36
OTDR or visual light fault detectors are often used

How do we extend the amount of data we can push through a fiber? 11:35

How do we visualize optical fibers? 14:05
We can use constellation diagrams, which plot magnitude and phase

Do we plan for data error? 15:00
Forward error correction is used, but it involves significant overhead

QAM vs. PAM 17:12

How do we evaluate fiber optic cable? 18:02
We can calculate cost per managed bit and energy per managed bit
Energy consumption is a real concern 18:28

The race between copper and fiber 19:13
Fiber wins on long distance because of power consumption
But does fiber win on data rate?
Is there a break-even point with fiber and copper? 22:15

What speed are we at now and what’s the next technology? 23:05
600 G technology will be here eventually 23:05
We typically see 100 G speeds today 24:14

Predictions 26:00
Category
Cables and Connectors
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